The artificial neural networks (ANN) are the learning algorithms and mathematical models, which mimic the information processing ability of human brain and can be used to non linear and complex data. The aim of this study was to compare artificial neural network and regression models for prediction of body weight in Raini Cashmere goat. The data of 1389 goats for body weight, height at withers (HAW), body length (BL) and chest girth (CG) were used. Different regression models with all fixed factors were calculated for the most possible states and with different degrees and two artificial neural networks with different hidden layers, learning functions and transform functions were used. Finally, Multilayer perceptron model with one hidden layer along with neurons was selected and used. Correlation between body weight and its measure-ments showed that it is possible to use body measurements for prediction of body weight though prediction of body weight can be improved when more measurements are used. Based on R2 and mean square error (MSE) parameters, the best fitted regression equation for prediction of body weight using body measure-ments was selected. While all three measurements had a significant effect in the model (P<0.0001), height at wither had the highest correlation coefficient (0.65), hence may have the greatest effect on prediction. Comparing two models indicated that both models can predict body weight well and near to actual body weight, but the capability of artificial neural network model is higher (R2=0.86 for ANN and 0.76 for mul-tiple regression analysis (MRA)) and closer to actual body weight. However, if more related measurements are recorded, ANN can give the desirable results. Therefore, it is possible to apply artificial neural net-works, instead of customary procedures for prediction of actual body weight using body measurements.
