razieh razavi

The development of highly efficient and stable photovoltaic devices hinges significantly on optimizing charge carrier dynamics within photoactive layers. Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites have emerged as a pivotal advancement in next-generation solar cell architectures, including Dye- Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs), Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs), and hybrid systems. This paper reviews the strategic incorporation enhance overall device performance. The primary mechanism involves the highly conductive nature of MWCNTs, which establishes efficient percolation pathways, dramatically improving electron mobility and facilitating rapid charge transport away from the interfaces. Furthermore, MWCNTs act as effective traps or sinks for photogenerated electrons, suppressing detrimental recombination processes occurring at the semiconductor electrolyte or semiconductor hole-transporting material interfaces. The synergistic interplay between the high surface area and excellent charge-accepting properties of TiO2 and the one-dimensional conductivity of MWCNTs results in a broader light absorption range and superior charge collection efficiency. Optimization of the MWCNT loading concentration is critical to maximize these benefits while avoiding excessive aggregation, which can impede charge transfer. This review highlights the tangible improvements in power conversion efficiency ( ) attributable to the enhanced charge transport and reduced charge recombination kinetics afforded by these advanced nanocomposites.