Upon transfer of incubating eggs from the setter stage to the hatcher,
the metabolism of the energy source for the rapid metabolism also changes
rapidly when the adipose tissue may play an important part. To comprehend the
molecular processes underlying the alterations in fat metabolism, identification of
genes, processes, and pathways related to fat metabolism is imperative. This
research aimed to identify the important genes in lipid metabolism during the
embryonic and hatching periods in Ross breeder broilers. The embryonic
transcriptomics data were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
database with accession number GSE109451 and analyzed using Gene
Expression Omnibus 2R (GEO2R). Common genes between the setter and
hatcher periods were identified with Venn web tool. The Database for Annotation,
Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) tool was used to identify the
biological processes and pathways. The protein-protein network was drawn using
the String software and analyzed with the Cytoscape software. Overall, 580
genes in the setter period and 711 genes in the hatcher period showed differential
expressions, and 205 common genes were identified between these periods. The
most important pathways and processes related to lipid metabolism with common
genes between the setter and hatcher periods were the cell cycle, retinol
metabolic process, activation of protein kinase activity, nucleic acid metabolism,
and metabolic pathways. The key genes associated with lipid metabolism
included PBK, CDK1, CCNB2, AURKA. The risks associated with excess fat
tissue in chickens present a dual challenge that encompasses animal health and
product quality. Targeted research in this area holds the potential to yield effective
interventions, ultimately contributing to the sustainability and profitability of poultry
production. Enhanced understanding and control of fat metabolism are essential
for fostering a healthier and more productive poultry industry.