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Keywords
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Fruit drying,Machine design,Phase change materials,Renewable energy,Solar radiation
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Abstract
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This review provides a detailed overview of fruit solar dryers. It focuses on their design, operation, and the
incorporation of advanced technologies like phase change materials. Solar drying is advocated as an effective
approach for fruit preservation, reducing post-harvest losses and maintaining nutritional quality. The categori
zation encompasses various solar dryer concepts classified by air flow (natural, forced, and combined systems),
operational modes (direct, indirect, and mixed), and building structures (cabinet, tunnel, greenhouse, etc.). The
role of PCMs in enhancing dryer efficiency is significant, as they regulate temperature, reduce energy fluctua
tions, and facilitate continuous operation during periods of low solar radiation. This review critically examines
the key properties of PCMs. It focuses on their thermophysical characteristics, classifications, and strategic ap
plications in solar dryers. Recent innovations demonstrate the significant potential of PCMs to improve effi
ciency, optimize energy consumption, and enhance product quality. The review identifies research gaps in
previous studies. It highlights the potential for further investigation into the application of PCM in solar dryer
systems. This study offers a thorough review that consolidates existing knowledge. It serves as a valuable
resource for researchers and practitioners aiming to improve sustainable food preservation technology through
advanced solar drying systems.
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